Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: Intragastric Application of Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Cilostazol, and BPC 157 in Rats: Platelet Aggregation and Blood Clot

doi: 10.1155/2019/9084643

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rats which underwent antithrombotic agent aspirin (10 mg/kg intragastrically, once daily for three days) received immediately thereafter BPC 157 (10 μ g/kg intragastrically, once daily for three days) (white bars) or an equal volume of saline (5 ml/kg, intragastrically, once daily for three days) (gray bars); they were sacrificed at 2 h after the last application. Viscoelastic properties of the blood were assessed using modified rotational thromboelastometry (TEM) on ROTEM® delta analyzer (Tem International GmbH, Germany). Typical parameters obtained are clotting time (CT), the time from the beginning of measurement until the clot starts to form; clot formation time (CFT), the time needed for the clot to reach an amplitude of 20 mm; alpha-angle, angle of tangent at 2 mm amplitude; maximum clot firmness (MCF), the maximum amplitude of the curve during 60 minutes of measurement; Ly30, clot lysis at 30 minutes; and maximum lysis (ML) which describes the percentage of the maximum lost clot firmness relative to MCF. We analyzed the external pathway with tissue factor (EXTEM), an intrinsic pathway with ellagic acid (INTEM), or without platelet contribution with cytochalasin D (FIBTEM). After 60 minutes, CT, CFT, alpha-angle, MCF, Ly30, and ML were recorded. P > 0.05, vs. control.

Article Snippet: Viscoelastic properties of the blood were assessed using modified rotational thromboelastometry (TEM) on ROTEM® delta analyzer (Tem International GmbH, Germany).

Techniques: Modification, Coagulation, Lysis, FIBTEM Assay

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: Intragastric Application of Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Cilostazol, and BPC 157 in Rats: Platelet Aggregation and Blood Clot

doi: 10.1155/2019/9084643

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rats which underwent antithrombotic agent cilostazol (10 mg/kg intragastrically, once daily for three days) received immediately thereafter BPC 157 (10 μ g/kg intragastrically, once daily for three days) (white bars) or an equal volume of saline (5 ml/kg, intragastrically, once daily for three days) (gray bars); they were sacrificed at 2 h after the last application. Viscoelastic properties of the blood were assessed using modified rotational thromboelastometry (TEM) on ROTEM® delta analyzer (Tem International GmbH, Germany). Typical parameters obtained are clotting time (CT), the time from the beginning of measurement until the clot starts to form; clot formation time (CFT), the time needed for the clot to reach an amplitude of 20 mm; alpha-angle, angle of tangent at 2 mm amplitude; maximum clot firmness (MCF), the maximum amplitude of the curve during 60 minutes of measurement; Ly30, clot lysis at 30 minutes; and maximum lysis (ML) which describes the percentage of the maximum lost clot firmness relative to MCF. We analyzed external pathway with tissue factor (EXTEM), an intrinsic pathway with ellagic acid (INTEM), or without platelet contribution with cytochalasin D (FIBTEM). After 60 minutes CT, CFT, alpha-angle, MCF, Ly30, and ML were recorded. P > 0.05, vs. control.

Article Snippet: Viscoelastic properties of the blood were assessed using modified rotational thromboelastometry (TEM) on ROTEM® delta analyzer (Tem International GmbH, Germany).

Techniques: Modification, Coagulation, Lysis, FIBTEM Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Physiology

Article Title: Adrenaline May Contribute to Prothrombotic Condition via Augmentation of Platelet Procoagulant Response, Enhancement of Fibrin Formation, and Attenuation of Fibrinolysis

doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.657881

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of adrenaline on the kinetics of platelet-fibrin clot formation. Whole blood samples were incubated with or without rauwolscine (10 μM, for 10 min) followed by the addition of adrenaline (for 2 min) and collagen (150 ng/ml) with initial stirring (30 s). After 10 min of incubation, at room temperature, samples were analyzed toward kinetics of clot formation using rotational thromboelastometry. Clotting was initiated by recalcification (12 mM CaCl 2 final conc.). Control samples were without any addition. Representative coagulation profiles and records of clot formation rate (CFR) for 6 experiments are presented in (A) . (B–D) Parameters associated with clotting initiation (CT, clotting time; CFT, clot formation time), propagation (alpha angle; MaxV, maximal velocity of clot formation; MaxV-t, time to reach maximal velocity of clotting), and stabilization (MCF, maximum clot firmness; G, shear modulus strength) were measured. Data are means ± S.D. from 6 experiments. Parameters value range in control was: CT: 215–667 s; CFT: 79–176 s; Alpha: 64–74°; MaxV: 12–18 mm*100/s; MaxV-t: 351–855 s; MCF: 65–75 mm; G: 936–1,492. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 vs. control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, and ### p < 0.001 vs. adrenaline 10 nM + coll. (E) Whole blood samples (supplemented with AF488-fibrinogen to visualize fibrin formation) were incubated without any addition (control) or with adrenaline (for 2 min) or rauwolscine (10 μM, for 10 min) + adrenaline (for 2 min). Kinetics of fibrin formation within thrombi, formed under flow (1,000 s – 1 ) on collagen-coated surfaces, was recorded in confocal microscope. The fibrin(ogen)-associated fluorescence was recorded and expressed as% of maximal fluorescence obtained (considered as 100%) vs. time. Data are means ± S.D. from 4 experiments. * p < 0.05 vs. control; # p < 0.05 vs. adrenaline 1 nM.

Article Snippet: Thromboelastometric measurements were performed using ROTEM ® Delta rotational thromboelastometric system (Tem International GmbH, Manheim, Germany) ( ).

Techniques: Incubation, Coagulation, Microscopy, Fluorescence